CVE Vulnerability Catalog

A vulnerability in the RTIO syscall verifier in Zephyr RTOS (before v4.3.0) allows an unprivileged user thread to write a pointer to controlled data at an arbitrary kernel address. The missing K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_WRITE check for the handle output parameter enables privilege escalation to kernel mode.

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11, deeply nested brace groups cause expand_() to recurse once per nesting level at comma-member and single-set expansion sites, exhausting the native stack before output limits can apply and potentially terminating the Node.js process. expand_ performs uncontrolled recursion for nested brace alternatives and single-part sets. deeply nested brace groups supplied as an untrusted pattern. expand_ is affected. expand is affected. Comma members is affected. Single set is affected. native stack exhaustion during nested sub-expansion. process-terminating denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.20, 2.1.6, 3.0.8, and 5.0.11.

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.19, 2.1.5, 3.0.7, and 5.0.10, crafted brace patterns can exhaust the native stack in parseCommaParts because it recursively processes the remainder once per brace group and uses push.apply to pass every element of a very large comma-part array as a function argument. This can terminate the Node.js process in a process-terminating denial of service.

PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. From 2.13.0 until 2.14.0, HMACAlgorithm.prepare_key is affected because the HMAC key guard only recognizes top-level public JWK forms and misses container representations. When an application allows HMAC and asymmetric algorithms and passes a public JWK container as the raw key, public asymmetric key material is accepted as the HMAC secret. Consequently, an attacker who knows the public key can forge a token with arbitrary authenticated claims.

PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. From 2.13.0 until 2.14.0, HMACAlgorithm.prepare_key in jwt/algorithms.py is affected because the raw-JWK detector does not normalize accepted Unicode byte-order marks before checking for JSON. When a public JWK is prefixed with a UTF-8 BOM and used in a mixed-algorithm verification path, the public JWK bypasses asymmetric-key detection and becomes the HMAC secret. Consequently, an attacker who knows the public key can forge authenticated tokens.

PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. From 2.4.0 until 2.14.0, PyJWT HMACAlgorithm.prepare_key is affected because the asymmetric-key guard relies on textual markers that are absent from DER encoding. When an application mixes HMAC and asymmetric algorithms and supplies a DER public key as the shared verification key, PyJWT uses public DER bytes as an HMAC secret. Consequently, an attacker who knows the public key can forge authenticated HMAC tokens.

PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. Prior to 2.14.0, PyJWT PyJWKClient is affected because redirect destinations are not revalidated against the JWKS trust boundary. When a configured trusted JWKS endpoint returns an attacker-influenced redirect, PyJWKClient follows the redirect and consumes the redirected response as key material. Consequently, forwarded credentials may be disclosed or verification keys may be substituted.

PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. From 2.13.0 until 2.14.0, HMACAlgorithm.from_jwk is affected because the PyJWK verification path used the decoded key without applying prepare_key validation. When a trusted JWK Set contains an oct entry with an empty k value, an attacker signs an HMAC token with the same zero-length key accepted by PyJWT. Consequently, a forged token can carry arbitrary authenticated claims.

@grpc/grpc-js implements the core functionality of gRPC purely in JavaScript, without a C++ addon. Prior to 1.13.6 and 1.14.5, getAuthContext does not distinguish authorized from unauthorized peer certificates when server credentials set requireClientCertificate to false. When applications use the returned authentication context, they can treat an unauthorized certificate as authorized, causing improper authentication. @grpc/grpc-js-xds can reach this condition when RBAC authentication is enabled in affected configurations.

InvoicePlane is a self-hosted open source application for managing invoices, clients, and payments. In version 1.7.2, Users::form() performs no object-level authorization check on user_id = 1. A Secondary Administrator (user_type = 1, user_id != 1) can rewrite the Primary Administrator's user_type to 2 (Guest / read-only), destroying the root account's privilege and locking the legitimate owner out of the instance. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.

InvoicePlane, a self-hosted open source application for managing invoices, clients, and payments, in version 1.7.2 has a vulnerability allowing takeover of the primary administrator account. A previous fix (PR #1638) protected the direct password change but not the user_email attribute. A secondary administrator can edit the primary administrator's account and change their email address, then use the public password recovery flow to receive a reset token and take over user_id=1.

LiteLLM contains a weak authentication vulnerability that allows an attacker holding a valid JWT from the configured identity provider to authenticate as any existing user by exploiting an email-based fallback lookup in the JWT authentication flow without verifying the email_verified claim. Attackers can present a token with an unverified email address matching a victim's account to inherit the victim's role, including proxy_admin privileges, and permanently overwrite the victim's stored identity binding to retain persistent unauthorized access to administrative endpoints exposing API keys and user management.

The ConvertPlus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data in all versions up to and including 3.6.3 via the style parameter of the cp_display_preview_modal AJAX action. The vulnerability exists because the nonce guard is gated behind an isset() check and fails open, no capability check is performed, and sanitize_text_field() does not strip shortcode delimiters, allowing an attacker to inject a second attacker-controlled [smile_modal] invocation. This allows authenticated attackers with Subscriber-level access to inject a PHP object, but impact is limited unless a POP chain is present via another plugin or theme.

In Wind River VxWorks 7 prior to 26.09, specific system call arguments can result in memory corruption within the memory management subsystem. Fixed in Version 26.09.

A path traversal vulnerability in Flatpak's handling of the export/bin directory during app deployment allows a malicious Flatpak app to cause deletion of attacker-chosen files outside the deployment directory when the app is installed or upgraded. In system-wide installations, the deletion is performed as root.

In moxygen before commit 004123dd24c3, MoQSession::dataStreamReadLoop keeps using a stream read handle after reading a FIN, which invalidates the handle under proxygen's WebTransport API. A remote peer can trigger the stale use by opening a data stream that names an unknown track alias and carries the FIN in the same write.

A flaw was found in GCC. When an application calls the erase_if function on a binary heap priority queue in libstdc++, the library reallocates storage but fails to update its internal entry pointer. An attacker capable of triggering this operation can exploit this use-after-free condition, leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) via an application crash or potential memory corruption.

FreePBX is an open source IP PBX. Prior to version 17.0.9, authenticated users who are authorized to access the GraphQL api module interface of FreePBX are able to execute arbitrary shell commands. Authenticated access to the api module is required. The PBX API module's documentation generator accepts an authenticated host parameter and uses it to build a shell command. The code path validates the generated OAuth access token before execution, but it does not validate or escape host. Compromise results in authenticated arbitrary shell command execution as the FreePBX web/PBX service user (typically asterisk.). This issue has been patched in version 17.0.9.

Stringer is a self-hosted, anti-social RSS reader. Prior to commit 75cb095, an unrestricted Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability allows any authenticated user to force the Stringer server to send arbitrary HTTP/HTTPS requests to internal networks, localhost services, and cloud metadata endpoints (e.g. AWS IMDS 169.254.169.254). When self-service signup is enabled (Setting::UserSignup), even a low-privileged registered user can exploit this to scan internal services or steal cloud IAM credentials. This issue has been patched via commit 75cb095.