CVE Catalog

CVE-2026-48040

CriticalCVSS 9.1
Published: Updated: Translated: NVD NIST

Exploitation Probability (EPSS)

Low risk
0.17%

7th percentile - higher than 7% of all known CVEs

Summary

Netty incubator codec.bhttp before version 0.0.22.Final mishandles direct ByteBufs when sun.misc.Unsafe is unavailable. An unauthenticated network attacker can cause memory corruption and data disclosure from other connections via crafted OHTTP requests.

Risk Assessment

This vulnerability compromises the confidentiality and integrity of all connections sharing the same Netty buffer arena, enabling data leaks and potential session hijacking.

Recommendation

Update the netty-incubator-codec-bhttp library to version 0.0.22.Final or later. Consider enabling sun.misc.Unsafe if possible, or use an alternative buffer allocator.

Original NVD description (English source)

The netty incubator codec.bhttp is a java language binary http parser. The library implements Oblivious HTTP (RFC 9458) using BoringSSL's HPKE C library via JNI. When deriving native memory addresses for cryptographic operations versions prior to 0.0.22.Final provide a fallback path for direct ByteBufs that do not expose their memory address through `hasMemoryAddress()`. This fallback occurs when `sun.misc.Unsafe` is unavailable to Netty — for example, when the JVM is started with `-Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true`, when a SecurityManager restricts Unsafe access, or when running on non-HotSpot JVMs. In these configurations, Netty's default `PooledByteBufAllocator` returns `PooledDirectByteBuf` instances for which `hasMemoryAddress()` returns false. Under the enabling JVM configuration, an unauthenticated network attacker can cause the OHTTP gateway to corrupt memory belonging to other concurrent connections and disclose the contents of adjacent pooled direct buffers by triggering cryptographic operations with crafted OHTTP requests. The corruption occurs regardless of whether the AEAD tag verification succeeds, as BoringSSL zeroizes the output buffer on failure. The information disclosure path provides the attacker with the encryption key needed to extract the leaked data. This violates the confidentiality and integrity of all connections sharing the same Netty buffer arena. Version 0.0.22.Final fixes the issue.

Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS