CVE Catalog

CVE-2026-99016

HighCVSS 7.8
Published: Updated: Translated: NVD NIST

Exploitation Probability (EPSS)

Low risk
0.21%

10th percentile - higher than 10% of all known CVEs

Summary

In the Linux kernel on RISC-V, futex helpers pass the raw user pointer to atomic operations without untagging, even though access_ok() checks the untagged address. With the tagged address ABI enabled (CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_SUPM), an unprivileged process can make FUTEX_WAKE_OP perform an atomic read-modify-write on an arbitrary kernel address. The fix untags the pointer before the atomic operation, as get_user()/put_user() already do.

Risk Assessment

Enables local privilege escalation or kernel data leakage through kernel memory manipulation from a user process. Requires the tagged address ABI enabled on RISC-V.

Recommendation

Update the Linux kernel to a version with the RISC-V futex fix. If you do not use CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_SUPM with tagged addresses, the risk is limited.

Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

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Original NVD description (English source)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: futex: untag the user pointer before the atomic access access_ok() checks untagged_addr(uaddr), but arch_futex_atomic_op_inuser() and futex_atomic_cmpxchg_inatomic() hand the raw uaddr to the inline asm amoswap/amoadd/.../lr.w+sc.w through the "+m" (*uaddr) operand. When the tagged address ABI is enabled (CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_SUPM, prctl PR_SET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL with PMLEN != 0), those two addresses differ: a user pointer whose top PMLEN bits hold a tag passes access_ok() after untagging, but the atomic is then performed on the still-tagged raw address. Supervisor-mode data accesses are not subject to the U-mode pointer masking (that is governed by menvcfg.PMM, which the kernel does not set), so hardware does not strip the tag for the kernel's own access. With Sv57 and PMLEN=16 the tag bits overlap the canonical-address bits, so a tagged pointer can name a canonical kernel virtual address (e.g. in the linear map) whose untagged form is a valid user address. An unprivileged process can thus make FUTEX_WAKE_OP perform an atomic read-modify-write on an arbitrary kernel address, with the matching FUTEX_OP_CMP_* result serving as a read oracle. get_user()/put_user()/raw_copy_{to,from}_user() already untag the pointer after the access_ok() check; do the same in the futex helpers so the atomic operates on the address that was actually validated.

Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS