CVE Catalog

CVE-2026-98625

Low risk· EPSS 11%
Published: Updated: Translated: NVD NIST

Exploitation Probability (EPSS)

Low risk
0.21%

11th percentile - higher than 11% of all known CVEs

Summary

In the Linux kernel netfilter flowtable, flow_offload_work_del() set NF_FLOW_HW_DEAD before the work handler cleared NF_FLOW_HW_PENDING. A concurrent garbage collection pass could free the flow via RCU before the worker finished, resulting in a use-after-free.

Risk Assessment

A use-after-free in the kernel can lead to memory corruption, system crashes, or potential code execution in kernel context.

Recommendation

Update the Linux kernel to a version where HW_DEAD publication occurs after the pending bit is cleared in the worker epilogue.

Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

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Original NVD description (English source)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: flowtable: publish HW_DEAD after worker is done flow_offload_work_del() sets NF_FLOW_HW_DEAD before the work handler clears NF_FLOW_HW_PENDING. Once a flow is both HW_DYING and HW_DEAD, a concurrent garbage collection pass can remove it and schedule it for RCU freeing. The offload worker holds neither an RCU read lock nor a reference to the flow. If it is preempted after publishing HW_DEAD, the RCU callback can free the flow before the worker resumes and clears HW_PENDING, resulting in a use-after-free. Move HW_DEAD publication to the common worker epilogue after the pending bit is cleared, making it the final flow access by destroy work. Order all preceding flow accesses before publishing the bit that allows garbage collection to free the object.

Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS