CVE-2026-98132
UnknownSummary
In the Linux kernel, the BPF verifier could incorrectly downgrade scalar zero spills to STACK_ZERO when part of the spilled bytes were already dead. This broke precision propagation chains and could lead to incorrect verification of BPF programs. The fix simply avoids converting zero spills to STACK_ZERO.
Risk Assessment
Incorrect BPF verification may allow bypassing kernel security mechanisms and potentially executing unauthorized code in a privileged context. This affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.
Recommendation
Update the Linux kernel to a version containing this fix. If updating is not possible, restrict the ability to load unprivileged BPF programs.
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Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: don't downgrade half-dead scalar zero spills to STACK_ZERO states.c:__clean_func_state() can downgrade scalar zero spill to STACK_ZERO in the following case: *(u64 *)(r10 - 8) = 0; ... checkpoint ... r1 = *(u32 *)(r10 - 4); ... no reads from r10-8 ... Here 4 bytes at r10-8 are dead and verifier changes scalar spill to a combination: 0000pppp (p stands for poison). Such a change breaks precision propagation chains. All places that produce STACK_ZERO should call bpf_mark_chain_precision() for the zero source. This patch fixes the bug in a simplest way possible: avoids converting stack spills of zero to STACK_ZERO. Two smarter approaches are possible: - do bpf_mark_chain_precision() from __clean_func_state() - check slot liveness information in check_stack_write_fixed_off() I investigated both and the changes required are a bit tricky, hence go with a simple fix for the time being.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS