CVE-2026-90053
UnknownSummary
In the Linux kernel, htb_classify() in net/sched/sch_htb did not bound the number of hops between HTB inner classes selected by filters. A filter on an inner class can point back to itself or form a cycle, causing an infinite loop in the packet classification path with the qdisc lock held and BH disabled — a single packet triggers a soft lockup or kernel panic. The fix introduces a hop counter bounded by TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH and drops the packet with a rate-limited warning once the limit is exceeded.
Risk Assessment
An unprivileged user able to obtain CAP_NET_ADMIN (e.g. via unshare -Urn) can send a single packet to hang or reboot the system, causing a denial of service. On systems with softlockup_panic=1 this results in an immediate kernel panic.
Recommendation
Update the Linux kernel to a version containing the fix that bounds the hop count in htb_classify(). Until patched, consider restricting unprivileged user namespace creation and disabling softlockup_panic.
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Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: sch_htb: limit htb_classify inner-class filter hops htb_classify() follows each filter-selected inner class by switching to cl->filter_list, but never bounds the number of hops. A filter on an inner class can point back to itself or to another inner class that points back, creating an infinite loop in the packet classification path with the qdisc lock held and BH disabled — a soft lockup / panic from a single packet. Bound the traversal with a hop counter and drop the packet with a rate-limited warning once the bound is exceeded. The counter is incremented at the point the inner filter chain is picked up, after the TC_ACT_* switch has consumed the classifier verdict, so a terminal TC_ACT_QUEUED/STOLEN/TRAP on the last permitted chain still sets *qerr to __NET_XMIT_STOLEN and the packet is not charged as a drop by this qdisc or its parent. The bound is TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH, taken from HTB's own parameters rather than from the qdisc hierarchy depth limit. Class levels run from 0 to TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH - 1, so a traversal that strictly descends in level can take at most TC_HTB_MAXDEPTH hops. That descent is what a sane configuration does, but it is assumed here rather than enforced: htb_find() resolves a classid against every class in the qdisc, so a filter may equally select a sibling or an ancestor. The normal root -> inner -> leaf path takes a single hop, so the bound does not affect legitimate classification. htb_classify() can now return NULL irrespective of CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT, whereas previously every NULL return sat inside that ifdef. The NULL handler in htb_enqueue() therefore cannot stay conditional either, so drop the ifdef around it. This matches hfsc_enqueue(), which has always handled a NULL class unconditionally. Without it, a kernel built without actions would dereference a NULL class instead of dropping. Conditions to recreate the bug: - CONFIG_NET_SCHED, CONFIG_NET_SCH_HTB, CONFIG_NET_CLS_U32, CONFIG_LOCKUP_DETECTOR. - Create an HTB qdisc on a device (e.g. lo), add an inner class 1:1 with a leaf child 1:10, install a root u32 filter selecting 1:1, and an inner-class u32 filter on 1:1 also selecting 1:1. - Send one packet (ping). On the unfixed kernel the classify loop spins with the qdisc lock held; with softlockup_panic=1 it panics. - Reachable from unprivileged user via unshare -Urn (CAP_NET_ADMIN).
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS