CVE-2026-89768
Low risk· EPSS 8%Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk8th percentile - higher than 8% of all known CVEs
Summary
A bug was fixed in the Linux kernel in backing_file_open(), which derived the path stored in a new backing file from user_file->f_path. With nested filesystems (e.g. overlayfs on top of overlayfs) this caused an incorrect internal intermediate-layer path to be stored instead of the user-visible path. As a result, files mapped through a nested overlayfs showed the wrong path in /proc/<pid>/maps and in perf/ftrace mmap records.
Risk Assessment
Incorrect paths in /proc/<pid>/maps and mmap records can hinder auditing, diagnostics, and process monitoring, and can mislead security tooling that relies on memory map analysis. The issue mainly affects environments using nested overlayfs, fuse passthrough, or erofs ishare.
Recommendation
Update the Linux kernel to a version containing the fix that restores the use of file_user_path() in backing_file_open(). After updating, verify that paths in /proc/<pid>/maps for files from nested overlayfs are correct.
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Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs: fix user path of nested backing files backing_file_open() derives the path to be stored in the new backing file from user_file->f_path. This is incorrect when user_file itself is a backing file, which is the case for nested stacking filesystems, e.g. overlayfs mounts where the lowerdir of one overlayfs is the merged directory of another. Since commit def3ae83da02 ("fs: store real path instead of fake path in backing file f_path") the f_path of a backing file holds the real path of the intermediate layer, not the path that the user opened. Commit 924577e4f6ca ("ovl: Fix nested backing file paths") fixed this for such configurations by passing file_user_path() from ovl_open_realfile(). However, commit 6af36aeb147a ("lsm: add backing_file LSM hooks") changed the first argument of backing_file_open() from the user path back to the user file and derived the path from user_file->f_path again, silently re-introducing the problem. As a result, files mapped through a nested overlayfs show the wrong path in /proc/<pid>/maps and in perf/ftrace mmap records. For example, with two nested overlayfs mounts: mkdir -p /ovl/{lower,upper,work,merged} /ovl/nested echo hello > /ovl/lower/foo mount -t overlay overlay \ -o lowerdir=/ovl/lower,upperdir=/ovl/upper,workdir=/ovl/work \ /ovl/merged # at least two lowerdirs are needed when upperdir is nonexistent mount -t overlay overlay \ -o lowerdir=/ovl/merged:/ovl/lower /ovl/nested mapping /ovl/nested/foo shows a disconnected path instead of the user path: # readlink /proc/self/fd/3 /ovl/nested/foo # grep foo /proc/self/maps 7f6e2c100000-7f6e2c101000 r--s 00000000 00:24 15813027 /foo The bogus path is derived from the f_path of the intermediate backing file, whose mount is a private clone that d_path() cannot resolve. Fix this by using file_user_path(), which returns the outermost user-visible path for backing files and falls back to &user_file->f_path for regular files. This restores the behavior of commit 924577e4f6ca ("ovl: Fix nested backing file paths") for overlayfs and also fixes the same problem for the other backing_file_open() callers, fuse passthrough and erofs ishare, when their user file is itself a backing file. backing_tmpfile_open() has the same pattern but is not affected: it is only called by ovl_create_tmpfile() for the upper layer, and another overlayfs is rejected as upperdir by the DCACHE_OP_REAL check in ovl_mount_dir_check(), so its user_file can never be a backing file.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS