CVE-2026-89688
CriticalCVSS 9.8Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Elevated risk54th percentile - higher than 54% of all known CVEs
Summary
In the Linux kernel's nfsd module, nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op() on an -EAGAIN error from nfsd4_cstate_assign_replay() dropped a stateowner reference it never acquired, while leaking the stid reference. This risks a stateowner refcount underflow and use-after-free, and can stall a concurrent nfsd4_close_open_stateid(). The fix drops the stid reference before retrying.
Risk Assessment
A use-after-free in the kernel and stalling of state close operations by an NFS client are possible. This may lead to NFS server instability, crashes, or potential privilege escalation.
Recommendation
Update the Linux kernel to a version containing the fix that drops the stid reference instead of the stateowner in nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op(). Monitor NFS server stability until the patch is applied.
Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel (nfsd)
See all- CVE-2026-89703Critical
In the Linux kernel, nfsd4_drop_revoked_stid(), which handles FREE_STATEID for admin-revoked delegations, did not set SC_STATUS_FREED before releasing cl_lock. Without this flag the freed delegation was added to cl_revoked, causing a use-after-free when that list is later traversed in __destroy_client().
- CVE-2026-89697Critical
In the Linux kernel, the BOTH_TIME_SET branch in nfsd_proc_setattr() called fh_verify() early so setattr_prepare() could inspect the dentry. This caused nfsd_setattr() to skip fh_want_write(), so notify_change() ran without a mount write reference.
- CVE-2026-89689Critical
A use-after-free vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel nfsd module within nfsd4_sequence(). When the session shrinker reduces se_target_maxslots below se_fchannel.maxreqs, free_session_slots() may free the slot currently being processed because it does not check seq->slotid or the NFSD4_SLOT_INUSE flag. This leads to memory corruption via writes into the freed sl_data[] buffer.
- CVE-2026-89686Critical
In the Linux kernel, nfsd4_alloc_layout_stateid reads fp->fi_deleg_file without holding fi_lock when the parent stateid is a delegation. A concurrent delegation revoke via the laundromat can clear fi_deleg_file under fi_lock, causing nfsd_file_get() to return NULL and triggering BUG_ON. The race is client-reachable: two NFS clients can trigger it by having one hold a delegation while another opens the same file to force a recall.
- CVE-2026-89681Critical
In the Linux kernel, the workqueue core clears WORK_STRUCT_PENDING before the callback is invoked, so delayed_work_pending() in lm_breaker_timedout() can return false while the fence worker is already running. This lets the breaker take a duplicate sc_count reference and schedule a new worker that coalesces with the in-progress one. The extra reference is never put, leaking the layout stateid.
- CVE-2022-43945High
The NFSD implementation in the Linux kernel prior to versions 5.19.17 and 6.0.2 is vulnerable to buffer overflow. A client can force the send buffer to shrink by sending an RPC message with garbage data, leading to writes beyond the allocated buffer space.
- CVE-2026-90236Low risk· EPSS 11%
A bug was found in the Linux kernel NFSD (NFS server) module where the export reference (svc_export) was leaked when reaping open and lock stateids. The free_ol_stateid_reaplist() function freed stateids directly via ->sc_free(), bypassing the nfs4_put_stid() path that releases the export reference. As a result, the reference was never dropped, pinning the export and blocking unmount for the lifetime of the stateid.
- CVE-2026-89706High
In the Linux kernel, the nfsd module failed to reset the write verifier when an async COPY writeback failed. When writeback failed, the server reported NFS_UNSTABLE to the NFS client but did not rotate the verifier, so after COMMIT the client treated the data as durable even though the write had failed.
- CVE-2026-89705High
In the Linux kernel, nfsd_dispatch() did not restore rq_status_counter to an even value on all exit paths (cache-hit, drop, encode-error). The counter left odd caused the lockless reader in nfsd_nl_rpc_status_get_dumpit() to treat rqstp fields as stable and read past the end of the 8-element ops array.
- CVE-2026-89704High
In the Linux kernel, _nfsd_copy_file_range() sampled the writeback error cursor (dst->f_wb_err) after the copy loop instead of before it. Concurrent COMMIT or stable WRITE could advance the cursor, so the writeback error went undetected and NFSD4_COPY_F_COMMITTED was set despite the failed write.
Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: drop the stateid, not the stateowner, on seqid_op replay retry In nfs4_preprocess_seqid_op() the stateid is obtained from nfsd4_lookup_stateid(), which holds a reference on the nfs4_stid (sc_count) but takes no reference on the stateowner. openlockstateid() merely casts that stid and likewise takes no reference. When nfsd4_cstate_assign_replay() returns -EAGAIN (the replay owner is being torn down, RP_UNHASHED) it has not taken a stateowner reference on that path. The error handling nevertheless called nfs4_put_stateowner(stp->st_stateowner), dropping an so_count reference the function never acquired -- risking a stateowner refcount underflow and use-after-free -- while leaking the sc_count reference held on the stid. The leaked stid reference can also stall a concurrent nfsd4_close_open_stateid() waiting for sc_count to drop. Drop the reference actually held -- the stid -- before retrying. The stateowner stays alive through the reference held by the stid. This mirrors the open path in nfsd4_process_open1(), where the put balances a reference that path explicitly holds on the stateowner.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS

