CVE-2026-74715
HighCVSS 7.8Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk2th percentile - higher than 2% of all known CVEs
Summary
A vulnerability in the Linux kernel's BPF conntrack kfuncs was found, where the opts argument can point to a shared map value. Inconsistent reads of the netns_id field during acquisition and release of network namespace references can lead to reference imbalance, potentially destroying a live namespace and crashing the system.
Risk Assessment
An attacker with privileges to run BPF programs could cause kernel integrity issues, leading to a system crash (kernel panic) or potentially exploiting the bug for privilege escalation. The reference imbalance may also enable a denial-of-service attack at the kernel level.
Recommendation
Apply the official Linux kernel patch that fixes this issue immediately and update the system to a patched kernel version. Also restrict BPF functionality to trusted processes only.
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Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix netns reference imbalance in conntrack kfuncs The opts argument of the BPF conntrack kfuncs can point to a shared map value. __bpf_nf_ct_lookup() and __bpf_nf_ct_alloc_entry() read opts->netns_id separately when acquiring and releasing the network namespace reference. The reference imbalance can occur as follows: CPU 0 CPU 1 read opts->netns_id (-1) skip get_net_ns_by_id() write opts->netns_id (id) read opts->netns_id (id) put_net(net) /* no matching get */ The reverse transition leaks the reference. Repeating the unmatched put can destroy a live namespace and crash later users. The kernel reported: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x00000000000000e8-0x00000000000000ef] RIP: 0010:bpf_prog_test_run_xdp+0x52c/0x1700 Call Trace: __sys_bpf+0x1662/0x50c0 __x64_sys_bpf+0x73/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0xf9/0x540 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Snapshot every input field of opts with READ_ONCE() before validating or using it. The netns_id snapshot keeps the namespace get/put pair balanced, while the other snapshots keep the remaining options from changing partway through an invocation. The individual reads can still observe an inconsistent combination during a concurrent update, but each selected field value remains stable for that invocation.