CVE-2026-65197
LowCVSS 3.1Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk1th percentile - higher than 1% of all known CVEs
Summary
H3C HDM Family-A verifies the RSA signature of a firmware image against a public key it reads from the mutable file `/conf/public.pem`. That file is writable by an authenticated Redfish client through the `UpdateService.UploadSignKey` action, which stores the uploaded body verbatim after validating only that the multipart filename ends in `.pem`. An administrator, or any account with `firmware-update` privilege, can therefore replace the trust anchor with their own key, sign a malicious image with the matching private key, and have it pass verification. Family-A has no hardware root-of-trust (no PFR) to catch the substituted key.
Risk Assessment
An attacker with administrator or `firmware-update` privileges can install malicious firmware, taking control of the device. The lack of a hardware root-of-trust prevents detection of the key substitution.
Recommendation
Restrict access to the `UpdateService.UploadSignKey` action and `firmware-update` privilege to trusted administrators. Also monitor changes to `/conf/public.pem` and consider updating firmware if the vendor provides a fix.
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Original NVD description (English source)
H3C HDM Family-A verifies the RSA signature of a firmware image against a public key it reads from the mutable file `/conf/public.pem`. That file is writable by an authenticated Redfish client through the `UpdateService.UploadSignKey` action, which stores the uploaded body verbatim after validating only that the multipart filename ends in `.pem`. An administrator, or any account with `firmware-update` privilege, can therefore replace the trust anchor with their own key, sign a malicious image with the matching private key, and have it pass verification. Family-A has no hardware root-of-trust (no PFR) to catch the substituted key. This was observed on H3C HDM Family-A G5 HDM 6.14.01. H3C HDM Family-A G3/G5 builds carrying the Redfish/DRE update tree appear to be affected. HDM2 uses a different update path and is not covered by this finding.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS