CVE-2026-54626
CriticalCVSS 9.8Summary
SAIL library version 0.9.10 and earlier contains an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-40494 in the TGA_INDEXED_RLE path. The image buffer is allocated as one byte per pixel, but the loader derives a wider pixel size from an attacker-controlled bpp value, leading to out-of-bounds heap writes and memory corruption.
Risk Assessment
Loading a crafted TGA file can cause heap corruption, crashes, or potential code execution in the context of an application using SAIL.
Recommendation
Update the SAIL library to version 1.0.0 or later, which contains the complete fix for this issue.
Other vulnerabilities in SAIL
See all- CVE-2026-54692High
In SAIL before version 1.0.0, sail_codec_load_frame_v8_xbm() in src/sail-codecs/xbm/xbm.c allocates the decoded pixel buffer using the X11 one-byte-per-literal layout, but an X10 static short file causes the flat decode loop to write two file-controlled bytes per literal. When ceil(width/8) produces an odd row stride, the X10 literal count includes a padding byte for every row that the destination buffer cannot hold, resulting in a forward heap overwrite that scales with image height. The issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.
- CVE-2026-54627Critical
SAIL library version 0.9.10 and earlier contains a mode/depth mismatch when loading Bitmap-mode PSD files. psd_private_sail_pixel_format() returns a one-bit format while the loader accepts depth 8, causing out-of-bounds heap writes that lead to memory corruption, crashes, or potential code execution.
Original NVD description (English source)
SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. In 0.9.10 and earlier, the TGA_INDEXED_RLE path selected by image_type == 9 allocates an image buffer using the one-byte-per-pixel SAIL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BPP8_INDEXED format returned by tga_private_sail_pixel_format() in src/sail-codecs/tga/helpers.c, while sail_codec_load_frame_v8_tga() in src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c derives a two-to-four-byte pixel_size from an attacker-controlled header bpp value from 9 through 32. Loading a crafted color-mapped run-length-encoded TGA through sail_load_from_file() or sail_load_from_memory() therefore writes attacker-controlled bytes beyond the heap pixel buffer. The pixel-count clamp added for CVE-2026-40494 does not constrain the per-pixel write width, so this issue is an incomplete fix of that vulnerability and can cause heap corruption, a reliable crash, or potential code execution. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.