CVE-2026-54604
MediumCVSS 5.3Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk42th percentile - higher than 42% of all known CVEs
Summary
OpenSlide is a C library for reading whole slide image files. A behavior change in libtiff 4.7.1 causes the indirect TIFF tile path to request a full-height destination for a partial bottom tile row, allowing uninitialized heap memory to enter pixel data returned by openslide_read_region(). A crafted but valid slide can trigger the issue in TIFF-based formats other than Hamamatsu NDPI when a network service renders attacker-provided slides. This issue is fixed in OpenSlide 4.0.1 and official binary build 4.0.0.12.
Risk Assessment
Uninitialized heap memory disclosure may expose sensitive data from the rendering process memory. The risk primarily affects network services processing slides from untrusted users.
Recommendation
Update OpenSlide to version 4.0.1 or official binary build 4.0.0.12. If you use libtiff 4.7.0 or earlier, note that this version is not affected, but updating OpenSlide is still recommended.
Other vulnerabilities in OpenSlide
See all- CVE-2026-111130Medium
OpenSlide through 4.0.1 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the MIRAX reader that allows attackers to read past the slide_positions array via crafted Slidedat.ini values. Attackers can supply a MIRAX slide whose CameraImageDivisionsPerSide does not evenly divide the image counts, crashing applications that open it and corrupting tile geometry.
- CVE-2026-48977High
In OpenSlide from 3.4.1 until 4.0.1, parse_level0_xml() processes a crafted Ventana BIF file accepting nonpositive row or column tile counts. The invalid counts produce attacker-controlled memory offsets and allow arbitrary writes, resulting in a crash or potential arbitrary code execution.
Original NVD description (English source)
OpenSlide is a C library for reading whole slide image files. Prior to 4.0.1, a behavior change in libtiff 4.7.1 causes the indirect TIFF tile path in src/openslide-decode-tiff.c and _openslide_tiff_read_tile() to request a full-height destination for a partial bottom tile row, allowing uninitialized heap memory to enter pixel data returned by openslide_read_region(). A crafted but valid slide can trigger the issue in TIFF-based formats other than Hamamatsu NDPI when a network service renders attacker-provided slides. Successful extraction depends on pixel transparency handling and recompression, OpenSlide with libtiff 4.7.0 or earlier is not affected, and official binary builds 4.0.0.10 and 4.0.0.11 are affected. This issue is fixed in OpenSlide 4.0.1 and official binary build 4.0.0.12.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS