CVE-2026-40342
CriticalSummary
Firebird to system zarządzania relacyjnymi bazami danych typu open-source. W wersjach przed 5.0.4, 4.0.7 i 3.0.14, loader wtyczek silnika zewnętrznego łączy nazwę silnika dostarczoną przez użytkownika z ścieżką do systemu plików bez filtrowania separatorów ścieżek lub komponentów '..'. Użytkownik z uprawnieniami CREATE FUNCTION może wykorzystać spreparowaną nazwę silnika do załadowania dowolnej biblioteki współdzielonej z systemu plików poprzez przejście ścieżki.
Risk Assessment
Wykorzystanie tej podatności może prowadzić do wykonania złośliwego kodu z uprawnieniami konta systemowego serwera, co stwarza poważne zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa organizacji.
Recommendation
Zaleca się aktualizację Firebird do wersji 5.0.4, 4.0.7 lub 3.0.14, aby usunąć tę podatność oraz przegląd uprawnień użytkowników w celu ograniczenia możliwości wykorzystania tej luki.
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Original NVD description (English source)
Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS