CVE-2026-14368
MediumCVSS 5.4Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk13th percentile - higher than 13% of all known CVEs
Summary
The LwM2M JSON content formatter's get_string() function has an out-of-bounds write vulnerability (CWE-787). The length check uses 'string_length > buflen', which accepts a string whose length exactly equals the buffer size, then writes a NUL byte one past the end after memcpy. An attacker can trigger a one-byte overflow, potentially corrupting adjacent memory.
Risk Assessment
The risk includes potential data corruption or crashes on devices using the LwM2M stack in Zephyr RTOS. The attack requires DTLS-level access as a LwM2M server, which can be exploited remotely in IoT environments, leading to integrity issues or denial of service.
Recommendation
Apply the fix immediately, which changes the condition to 'string_length >= buflen', rejecting exact-length strings. Update to a patched version and verify that other content formatters (plain text, TLV, SenML JSON, CBOR) use the correct boundary check.
Other vulnerabilities in Zephyr LwM2M
Original NVD description (English source)
The LwM2M JSON content formatter's get_string() in subsys/net/lib/lwm2m/lwm2m_rw_json.c copies a parsed JSON string into a caller-supplied buffer and NUL-terminates it. The length guard used if (string_length > buflen), which accepts a string whose length is exactly buflen. After memcpy() fills the whole buffer, buf[string_length] = '\0' then writes one byte past the end of the buffer (CWE-787). The string value and its length are taken directly from the incoming CoAP payload during a LwM2M WRITE: do_write_op_json() parses the payload obtained from coap_packet_get_payload(), and get_string() is invoked from lwm2m_write_handler() (engine_get_string() in subsys/net/lib/lwm2m/lwm2m_message_handling.c) for a LWM2M_RES_TYPE_STRING resource. The destination buf/buflen is either the resource instance's fixed data buffer (res_inst->data_ptr/max_data_len) or the engine validation buffer (msg->ctx->validate_buf). A LwM2M server (the client's DTLS peer) can therefore write a string resource with a value whose length equals the target buffer size and force a one-byte overflow. The overflow is a single out-of-bounds write of the constant byte 0x00 immediately past the resource or validation buffer, corrupting the adjacent byte in memory. It is not an information leak and the written value is fixed, so it is not a direct code-execution primitive, but it can corrupt adjacent state (an adjacent resource value, a length/flag field, or a struct field) and cause data corruption or a crash. Triggering the write is deterministic; the resulting impact depends on memory layout. The fix changes the guard to string_length >= buflen, rejecting the exact-length case and aligning the JSON formatter with the other content formatters (lwm2m_rw_plain_text.c, lwm2m_rw_oma_tlv.c, lwm2m_rw_senml_json.c, lwm2m_rw_cbor.c, lwm2m_rw_senml_cbor.c), which already used the correct boundary check.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS

