CVE-2026-10663
MediumCVSS 6.1Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk5th percentile - higher than 5% of all known CVEs
Summary
In Zephyr's USB host stack (CONFIG_USB_HOST_STACK), a use-after-free and double-free vulnerability exists. The usbh_device_disconnect() function frees the root object without clearing ctx->root, and UHC drivers generate removal events without guards, allowing an attacker with physical USB access to trigger double memory free.
Risk Assessment
An attacker with physical USB access can cause a system crash (denial of service) and memory corruption, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution.
Recommendation
Update Zephyr to a version containing the fix (v4.4.0 or later with ctx->root cleared). If updating is not possible, disable the experimental USB host stack (CONFIG_USB_HOST_STACK).
Other vulnerabilities in Zephyr
See all- CVE-2026-10772Unknown
This CVE has been rejected as a duplicate. The described vulnerability involved incorrect permission checking in the Bluetooth GATT notify/indicate paths in the Zephyr stack, but was already reported as CVE-2026-2411.
- CVE-2026-10676Unknown
CVE-2026-10676 has been withdrawn as analysis determined that the reported defect is not reachable in any released version of Zephyr. In every supported release, the affected value is corrected before use.
- CVE-2026-5067Critical
Zephyr OS has a memory corruption vulnerability in the HTTP server WebSocket upgrade path. An unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger it by sending a crafted Sec-WebSocket-Key header. The bounded copy does not guarantee NUL termination, leading to out-of-bounds read/write on stack.
- CVE-2026-13735Low
Zephyr's WireGuard implementation mishandled keepalive packets. A type-4 message with a 16-byte payload (empty plaintext plus Poly1305 tag) was accepted without tag verification because wg_process_data_message() returned early before calling wg_decrypt_packet(). An attacker could send a forged keepalive without knowing the session key.
- CVE-2026-13734Medium
Vulnerability in Zephyr's WireGuard VPN: wg_process_data_message() validated the anti-replay counter too late, after committing peer-state changes (address update, timers, key rotation). An attacker can re-inject a captured packet, leading to endpoint hijacking and session disruption.
- CVE-2026-13212High
The Zephyr virtio driver does not validate the descriptor-chain head id written by the virtio device into the used ring. A malicious virtio backend can supply an out-of-range id, causing an out-of-bounds read and invocation of an attacker-controlled function pointer in the guest's interrupt context. This enables control-flow hijacking or a reliable crash.
- CVE-2026-12634Medium
A vulnerability in the NVS backend of the Zephyr settings subsystem (settings_nvs.c) causes an out-of-bounds stack write. The nvs_read() function returns the full entry length, which can exceed the buffer size, and the code uses this value as an index for writing a NUL character, leading to a write past the buffer (CWE-787).
- CVE-2026-12632Medium
A vulnerability in Zephyr RTOS's PTP receive handler allows a remote attacker to trigger an out-of-bounds read by sending a crafted PTP packet with an invalid message type (0xE or 0xF). The lack of an upper-bound check on the msg_size[] array index leads to reading beyond the array and subsequent memory operations, potentially causing a crash or limited memory corruption.
- CVE-2026-12630Medium
Zephyr's 6LoWPAN IPHC uncompression code contains an out-of-bounds read in get_ihpc_inlined_size() (subsys/net/ip/6lo.c). The destination inline size is looked up in da_inline_size_table (13 entries) using an index built from the M, DAC and DAM bits of the IPHC dispatch word; reserved combinations 13, 14 and 15 are not bounds-checked and read past the end of the table.
- CVE-2026-12366High
A use-after-free vulnerability exists in Zephyr's dynamic kernel-object disposal path. The unref_check() function frees object storage when the reference count reaches zero, but for timers (K_OBJ_TIMER) it does not cancel the active timeout, leaving a dangling node in the global timeout queue. When the timer expires, the kernel invokes the expiration handler on freed memory, causing a write to freed heap.
Original NVD description (English source)
In Zephyr's experimental USB host stack (CONFIG_USB_HOST_STACK), usbh_device_disconnect() (subsys/usb/host/usbh_device.c) freed the root usb_device slab object without clearing the cached pointer ctx->root. The bus removal handler dev_removed_handler() (subsys/usb/host/usbh_core.c) decides what to tear down solely from ctx->root, checking only that it is non-NULL. Because UHC controller drivers (e.g. uhc_max3421e, uhc_mcux_common) synthesize UHC_EVT_DEV_REMOVED directly from physical bus line state with no debounce or state guard, an attacker with physical USB access (or a rogue device that bounces its connection) can deliver a second device-removed event after a root device disconnect. The handler then re-enters usbh_device_disconnect() with the dangling pointer, locking a mutex inside the freed object (use-after-free), removing the freed node from the device list, and calling k_mem_slab_free() on the already-freed block (double-free). If the slab block has been reissued to a newly attached device in between, this corrupts a live object. Impact is denial of service (crash) and memory corruption; the attack vector is physical/local. The flaw was introduced in v4.4.0 by the connect/disconnect refactor and is fixed by clearing ctx->root in usbh_device_disconnect() before freeing.

