CVE-2026-104016
HighCVSS 7.5Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Elevated risk52th percentile - higher than 52% of all known CVEs
Summary
ProtobufParser parses length-prefixed protobuf string and bytes fields by checking (_inputPtr + len) <= _inputEnd and then calling _finishShortText(len), both using 32-bit signed integer arithmetic. When an attacker supplies a varint decoding to a length near Integer.MAX_VALUE, _inputPtr + len overflows to a negative value, the bounds check passes, and TextBuffer.expandCurrentSegment(len) performs Arrays.copyOf with no cap and throws OutOfMemoryError. maxStringLength and maxDocumentLength do not gate this path.
Risk Assessment
A remote attacker can submit a 33-byte payload that triggers OutOfMemoryError and crashes processing, and -Xmx tuning does not mitigate the issue. No privileges or user interaction beyond the ability to submit data for parsing are required.
Recommendation
Update the Jackson library to a version containing the fix that adds the overflow guard to the string-length call sites. Until patched, consider limiting exposure of endpoints that accept Protobuf data.
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Original NVD description (English source)
ProtobufParser parses length-prefixed protobuf string and bytes fields by checking (_inputPtr + len) <= _inputEnd and then, on the fast path, calling _finishShortText(len). Both use 32-bit signed integer arithmetic. When an attacker supplies a varint decoding to a length near Integer.MAX_VALUE, _inputPtr + len overflows to a negative value, the bounds check passes, and _finishShortText(len) reaches TextBuffer.expandCurrentSegment(len), which performs Arrays.copyOf with no cap and throws OutOfMemoryError: Requested array size exceeds VM limit. The JVM refuses arrays larger than Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8 before consulting available heap, so -Xmx tuning does not mitigate the issue. StreamReadConstraints.maxStringLength and maxDocumentLength do not gate this path: a 33-byte payload is far below any document-length cap and the string-length check does not fire before the allocation. This was confirmed empirically against shipping artifacts with maxStringLength, maxDocumentLength and maxNestingDepth all configured. A February 2026 hardening commit added the equivalent overflow guard to the packed-array-length and message-length paths but left the string-length call sites unguarded. No privileges or user interaction beyond the ability to submit data for parsing are required.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS