CVE-2025-57812
LowCVSS 3.7Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk40th percentile - higher than 40% of all known CVEs
Summary
An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability exists in the imagetoraster filter of CUPS-Filters (1.x) and in the _cfImageReadTIFF() function of libcupsfilters (2.x) when processing TIFF image files. The pixel buffer is allocated based on the number of pixels times a pre-calculated bytes-per-pixel value, but the function processing these pixels is called with a size of the number of pixels times 3. With suitable inputs, the bytes-per-pixel value can be set to 1, causing memory access outside the buffer bounds.
Risk Assessment
An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted print job with a malicious TIFF file, potentially leading to out-of-bounds read or write, which could enable code execution or data disclosure. However, it requires a specific printer configuration and print job options.
Recommendation
Update CUPS-Filters to a version containing the fix (commit b69dfacec7f176281782e2f7ac44f04bf9633cfa) or to the latest libcupsfilters version. If immediate update is not possible, restrict the ability to submit untrusted TIFF files for printing.
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Original NVD description (English source)
CUPS is a standards-based, open-source printing system, and `libcupsfilters` contains the code of the filters of the former `cups-filters` package as library functions to be used for the data format conversion tasks needed in Printer Applications. In CUPS-Filters versions up to and including 1.28.17 and libscupsfilters versions 2.0.0 through 2.1.1, CUPS-Filters's `imagetoraster` filter has an out of bounds read/write vulnerability in the processing of TIFF image files. While the pixel buffer is allocated with the number of pixels times a pre-calculated bytes-per-pixel value, the function which processes these pixels is called with a size of the number of pixels times 3. When suitable inputs are passed, the bytes-per-pixel value can be set to 1 and bytes outside of the buffer bounds get processed. In order to trigger the bug, an attacker must issue a print job with a crafted TIFF file, and pass appropriate print job options to control the bytes-per-pixel value of the output format. They must choose a printer configuration under which the `imagetoraster` filter or its C-function equivalent `cfFilterImageToRaster()` gets invoked. The vulnerability exists in both CUPS-Filters 1.x and the successor library libcupsfilters (CUPS-Filters 2.x). In CUPS-Filters 2.x, the vulnerable function is `_cfImageReadTIFF() in libcupsfilters`. When this function is invoked as part of `cfFilterImageToRaster()`, the caller passes a look-up-table during whose processing the out of bounds memory access happens. In CUPS-Filters 1.x, the equivalent functions are all found in the cups-filters repository, which is not split into subprojects yet, and the vulnerable code is in `_cupsImageReadTIFF()`, which is called through `cupsImageOpen()` from the `imagetoraster` tool. A patch is available in commit b69dfacec7f176281782e2f7ac44f04bf9633cfa.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS