CVE-2025-41109
MediumCVSS 4.6Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk49th percentile - higher than 49% of all known CVEs
Summary
The Ghost Robotics Vision 60 robot version v0.27.2 includes physical interfaces such as three RJ45 connectors and a USB Type-C port, which lack authentication mechanisms when establishing connections. The robot's internal router automatically assigns IP addresses to any physically connected device, and the robot runs on ROS 2 without authentication by default.
Risk Assessment
An attacker could connect a WiFi access point under their control to gain access to the robot's network without credentials, then monitor all its data. This could lead to unauthorized control of the robot or compromise of data confidentiality.
Recommendation
It is recommended to implement authentication mechanisms for all physical and network connections, and to configure ROS 2 with appropriate authentication. Physical access to the robot's ports should also be restricted.
Other vulnerabilities in Ghost Robotics Vision 60
See all- CVE-2025-41108Critical
The communication protocol implemented in Ghost Robotics Vision 60 v0.27.2 could allow an attacker to send commands to the robot from an external attack station, impersonating the control station (tablet) and gaining unauthorised full control of the robot. The absence of encryption and authentication mechanisms in the communication protocol allows an attacker to capture legitimate traffic between the robot and the controller, replicate it, and send any valid command to the robot from any attacking computer or device. The communication protocol used in this interface is based on MAVLink, a widely documented protocol, which increases the likelihood of attack. There are two methods for connecting to the robot remotely: Wi-Fi and 4G/LTE.
- CVE-2026-12991High
Lack of cryptographic mechanisms in Ghost Robotics Vision 60 robot (APK v5.5.0) enables man-in-the-middle attacks. An attacker on the local network can intercept and manipulate communications between the operator and the robot.
- CVE-2026-12990High
An access control vulnerability in the mobile app (APK v5.5.0) for Ghost Robotics Vision 60 robot allows multiple simultaneous sessions without client validation. An attacker with a modified app can connect during an active session.
- CVE-2026-12989High
Lack of authentication in the mobile app (APK v5.5.0) for Ghost Robotics Vision 60 robot allows an unauthenticated attacker on the Wi-Fi network full access to the web admin interface and HTTP API.
- CVE-2025-41110High
Encrypted WiFi and SSH credentials were found in Ghost Robotics Vision 60 v0.27.2 APK. An attacker can connect to the robot's WiFi and view all data, and via SSH gain full control, potentially causing physical damage.
Original NVD description (English source)
Ghost Robotics Vision 60 v0.27.2 includes, among its physical interfaces, three RJ45 connectors and a USB Type-C port. The vulnerability is due to the lack of authentication mechanisms when establishing connections through these ports. Specifically, with regard to network connectivity, the robot's internal router automatically assigns IP addresses to any device physically connected to it. An attacker could connect a WiFi access point under their control to gain access to the robot's network without needing the credentials for the deployed network. Once inside, the attacker can monitor all its data, as the robot runs on ROS 2 without authentication by default.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS