CVE-2025-14728

Velociraptor stores the compiled VQL in the hunt object internally to avoid having to recompile the artifacts for each endpoint in the hunt. Although the field "compiled_collector_args" is an internal field, Velociraptor allowed the field to be set from a user API call. This allows another user who can schedule a hunt (minimal role of "investigator") to set the compiled VQL statements for the hunt bypassing any ACL checks that would normally be applied. This flaw can then be escalated to allow the "investigator" user to run arbitrary VQL statements as an administrator user on the Velociraptor server.

Velociraptor allows some sensitive artifacts to be gated by additional permissions, e.g. Linux.Sys.BashShell requires EXECVE. However, no such check was implemented for client monitoring artifacts, and there was no requirement that they carry the CLIENT_EVENTS type. This allows any user who can schedule client monitoring artifacts to also schedule otherwise restricted artifacts.

Velociraptor allows collection of VQL queries packaged into Artifacts from endpoints. The Windows.Sysinternals.SysmonLogForward artifact allows the user to specify an arbitrary binary path as a parameter and did not enforce an additional required permission, allowing users with COLLECT_CLIENT permissions to run a different binary program than the installed sysmon binary.

Velociraptor's SetClientMetadata used the wrong permission check to enforce setting metadata on the server. This allows a user with LABEL_CLIENTS permission to update the server metadata, which is often used to store site-wide configuration data that should only be updated by the server admin.

Velociraptor's WatchEvent gRPC API can specify the OrgId of the org from which events should be streamed. The server checks API permissions against the caller's Org instead of the requested Org. This allows a user with API access in one org to read events from another org for which they have no access.

Velociraptor contains a deadlock condition that may be triggered by authenticated users. The issue stems from a lock management bug in the user management module.

Velociraptor's prefetch library contains an out of bound vulnerability which may cause a crash when parsing certain malformed prefetch files.

Velociraptor creates notebook backups in its default enabled daily backup feature. When Velociraptor restores the backup, the notebook cell content is interpolated into a template with no ACL checks. This allows a malicious user with NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission to plant a VQL query that will be evaluated at elevated permissions if the notebook's backup is subsequently restored.

The Velociraptor verify() VQL function allows a user to verify an artifact for syntactic and other issues. Due to an implementation fault, the global artifact repository is used, allowing callers to overwrite existing artifacts without the required permissions. The attacker only needs NOTEBOOK_EDIT permission (e.g., an analyst role) to call this function.

Velociraptor's web GUI allows specifying a custom type for columns in tables. The URL type takes the cell value and forms a URL which can be clicked in the GUI. The code does not limit the schemes allowed in this URL, allowing an attacker to specify a JavaScript scheme exposing the user to XSS.