CVE-2025-14179
CriticalCVSS 9.8Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk36th percentile - higher than 36% of all known CVEs
Summary
In PHP versions 8.2.* before 8.2.31, 8.3.* before 8.3.31, 8.4.* before 8.4.21, and 8.5.* before 8.5.6, the PDO Firebird driver improperly handles NUL bytes when preparing SQL queries. During token-by-token query construction, a string token containing a NUL byte is copied via strncat(), which stops at the NUL byte, dropping the closing quote and causing subsequent SQL tokens to be interpreted as part of the string. This allows SQL injection when attacker-controlled values are quoted via PDO::quote() and embedded in SQL statements.
Risk Assessment
The organization is at risk of SQL injection attacks, which can lead to unauthorized access to the Firebird database, data leakage, or data modification. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication.
Recommendation
Immediately upgrade PHP to version 8.2.31, 8.3.31, 8.4.21, or 8.5.6 depending on the branch used. If an upgrade is not possible, avoid using PDO::quote() with values containing NUL bytes or temporarily disable the PDO Firebird driver.
Original NVD description (English source)
In PHP versions 8.2.* before 8.2.31, 8.3.* before 8.3.31, 8.4.* before 8.4.21, and 8.5.* before 8.5.6, the PDO Firebird driver improperly handles NUL bytes when preparing SQL queries. During token-by-token query construction, a string token containing a NUL byte is copied via strncat(), which stops at the NUL byte, dropping the closing quote and causing subsequent SQL tokens to be interpreted as part of the string. This allows SQL injection when attacker-controlled values are quoted via PDO::quote() and embedded in SQL statements.