CVE-2025-11781
HighCVSS 7.8Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk3th percentile - higher than 3% of all known CVEs
Summary
A use of hardcoded cryptographic keys vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v9.0.2. The affected firmware contains a hardcoded static authentication key that an attacker with local access can extract (e.g., by analyzing the firmware image or memory dump) and create valid firmware update packages.
Risk Assessment
An attacker can bypass all intended access controls and gain full administrative privileges, potentially taking control of the device. This may have serious consequences for industrial infrastructure.
Recommendation
Update Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 firmware to a version that does not use hardcoded keys, or contact the vendor for guidance. Restrict physical and local access to the devices.
Other vulnerabilities in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50
See all- CVE-2025-11788Critical
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v9.0.2 within the 'ShowSupervisorParameters()' function. Unlimited user input is copied to a fixed-size buffer via 'sprintf()' without size validation, allowing an attacker to supply an excessively large 'meter' parameter.
- CVE-2025-11786Critical
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v9.0.2 within the 'SetUserPassword()' function. The 'newPassword' parameter is embedded directly into a shell command string via 'sprintf()' without sanitisation and executed using 'system()', allowing injection of arbitrary shell commands.
- CVE-2025-11785Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 9.0.2. In the 'ShowMeterPasswords()' function, user input is copied to a fixed-size buffer via 'sprintf()' without size validation. An attacker can provide an overly long 'meter' parameter, leading to buffer overflow.
- CVE-2025-11784Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 9.0.2. In the 'ShowMeterDatabase()' function, user input is copied to a fixed-size buffer via 'sprintf()' without size validation. An attacker can provide an overly long 'meter' parameter, leading to buffer overflow.
- CVE-2025-11783Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 9.0.2. In the 'AddEvent()' function, user-controlled username input is copied to a fixed-size buffer (48 bytes) without boundary checking. This can lead to memory corruption and potential remote code execution.
- CVE-2025-11782Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 9.0.2. The 'ShowDownload()' function uses 'sprintf()' to format a string that includes user-controlled input from 'GetParameter(meter)' in a fixed-size buffer 'acStack_4c' (64 bytes) without checking length. An attacker can provide an overly long 'meter' parameter exceeding the buffer size.
- CVE-2025-11780Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 9.0.2. In the 'showMeterReport()' function, user input is copied to a fixed-size buffer via 'sprintf()' without size validation. An attacker can provide an overly long 'meter' parameter, leading to buffer overflow.
- CVE-2025-11779Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 9.0.2. The 'SetLan' function is invoked when a new configuration is applied, activated by a management web request to 'index.cgi'. Parameters are not sanitized, which could lead to command injection.
- CVE-2025-11778Critical
Stack-based buffer overflow in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 version 0.9.2. This vulnerability allows an attacker to remotely exploit memory corruption through the 'read_packet()' function of the TACACSPLUS implementation.
- CVE-2025-11789High
Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v9.0.2. The 'DownloadFile' function converts a parameter to an integer using 'atoi()' and then uses it as an index in the 'FilesDownload' array with '(&FilesDownload)[iVar2]'. If the parameter is too large, it will access memory beyond the limits.
Original NVD description (English source)
Use of hardcoded cryptographic keys in Circutor SGE-PLC1000/SGE-PLC50 v9.0.2. The affected firmware contains a hardcoded static authentication key. An attacker with local access to the device can extract this key (e.g., by analysing the firmware image or memory dump) and create valid firmware update packages. This bypasses all intended access controls and grants full administrative privileges.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS

